Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: A Cross-sectional Assay from Tehran, Iran

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in world. In addition, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), which is known as one of its therapeutic approaches, can cause complications and morbidities that have high costs. We aimed to investigate the distribution of CAD risk factors in patients who underwent CABG in Tehran, Iran.Methods: The present cross-sectional study included CAD patients who underwent CABG surgery from ۲۰ March ۲۰۱۶ to ۲۰ March ۲۰۱۷ in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The data including the presence of CAD risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension, presence of CAD family history, and hyperlipidemia, were obtained from the patients’ medical records.Results: out of ۳۲۸ patients, ۱۰۹ (۳۳.۳%) were female and ۲۱۹(۶۶.۸%) were male. Their age ranged between ۴۱ to ۸۸ and the mean age (SD) was ۶۲.۱۵ (۹.۹۱۳) years. Finally, ۲۹۶ patients (۹۰.۲%) had at least one symptom and ۲۹۲ (۸۹%) patients had at least one risk factor. Prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and positive familial history was ۵۳.۷%, ۴۴.۵%, ۳۹.۶%, ۲۲.۳%, and ۱۶.۲% respectively.Conclusion: The most prevalent risk factor was hypertension followed by hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes, and familial history. Also, chest pain was the most frequent symptom among patients. A healthy lifestyle is essential to decrease the prevalence of modifiable risk factors and preventing the presence of CAD and future vascular bypass surgeries in the population.