In vitro anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities of five Indian cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit peel extracts

Introduction: All parts of the mango plant contain secondary metabolites that possess several beneficial properties. In the present study, evaluation of in vitro anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities of five Indian cultivars of mango fruit peel extracts were carried out.Methods: Different solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) extracts of five Indian cultivars of mango fruit peels were prepared by using soxhalate, and the aqueous extract was prepared by maceration. In vitro anti-oxidant activities of these extracts were determined by using ۲,۲-Diphenyl-۱-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ۲,۲′-azinobis ۳-ethylbenzothiazoline-۶-sulfonic acid (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H۲O۲) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging methods. Their anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities were determined by agar-well diffusion and HRBC (human red blood cell) methods, respectively.Results: All the five mango peel extracts showed good anti-oxidant activities, especially the methanolic extract of peel of Sindhura cultivar showed better IC۵۰ values of DPPH (۲۱.۶۲±۱.۸۲ μg/mL), ABTS (۲۱.۳۳±۱.۹۴ μg/mL), H۲O۲ (۱۹.۸۷±۲.۶۱ μg/mL) and NO (۵۷.۲۹±۲.۱۷ μg/mL) radical scavenging activities than other extracts. It also possessed higher contents of phenolics (۱۶۹.۱۸±۳.۲۸ mg of GAE/g) and flavonoids (۲۶.۱۸±۱.۸۴ mg of QE/g) than the other extracts. All peel extracts of five cultivars of mango fruit revealed good anti-microbial activities against bacterial and fungal cultures and also possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: The present study revealed that all the mango peel extracts have potential antioxidant activity, as well as better anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities.