Effect of Sodium Arsenic on the Improvement of TiO۲/Dye as Photosensitizers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)

The research presents the synthesis and fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) on the influence of sodium arsenic on the enhancement of TiO۲/dye as photosensitizers, where Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) were used as a source of the chlorophyll, sodium arsenic (NaAs) material of different concentration (۰.۱-۰.۴ mol), was synthesized as a layer on top of TiO۲. The surface morphology study of TiO۲/NaAs۰.۱, TiO۲/NaAs۰.۲/ bitter leaf dye, TiO۲/NaAs۰.۳/ roselle dye, and TiO۲/NaAs۰.۴/the mixture of bitter leaf dye and roselle dye revealed that the micrograph is usually defined with the granular shape of nanotubes. The grain size of TiO۲/NaAs۰.۱ is not too large and delineated by an immense sum of aggregated nanoparticles. The cells structure is polycrystalline with a most outstanding peak at ۲ theta angles of ۲۶.۷۳° and ۵۱.۸۴o corresponding to hkl index numbers (۱۱۱) and (۲۰۲). The films have a very high absorbance from the plot, and the absorbance of the films increases as the dye molecules vary. The high absorbance of the films shows that the DSSCs will be a good material for photovoltaic applications. The fill factor of the films is ۰.۵۴, ۱.۲۴, ۱.۲۳, and ۰.۹۹ respectively while the conversion efficiency of ۰.۸۶%, ۴.۴۸%, ۳.۴۴%, and ۱.۸۱% was recorded.