The impact of nanotechnology in reducing air pollution and environmental health

In the research of scientists, nature has always played an inspiring role. Most of the biological systems in nature are in nano dimensions. By applying the biological principles that govern these structures, scientists can synthesize, determine the characteristics and manufacture molecules and biological devices at the nano level under laboratory conditions using the principles of physics, engineering chemistry and nanotechnology. Applying these facts leads to the emergence of new technology. Nano has become biotechnology. Some of the most important scientific applications of nanotechnology in the field of environment and air pollution are nanosensors, nanofilters and environmental catalysts. Nanotechnology is a field that is growing and expanding, but along with this expansion and creation of new opportunities to create industries, applications and new products, it may impose harmful effects on human health and the environment. At the nanoscale, the properties of materials undergo many changes. According to these changes, the prediction, identification, assessment and control of health, safety and environmental risks caused by nanomaterials also face challenges. Due to their small size and surface area, nanoparticles show great reactivity, which causes them to create a greater risk of fire and explosion than larger particles. For many years, engineered nanoparticles and porous, newly structured materials have been used as catalysts to increase the speed of reactions or reduce the temperature required for the reaction of gases and liquids in an effective way. Depending on their composition and structure, a number of nanomaterials may cause catalytic reactions. primary and increase the risk of fire and explosion, which cannot be predicted based on their chemical composition alone. Researchers say that nanoparticles, due to their large surface area, may have a lot of static electricity at the time of use, so that by spreading in Air forms an explosive cloud and can ignite spontaneously, like nano powder, iron, so it is necessary for all officials and managers of nano work environments to take the necessary measures after conducting the necessary assessments to control the health and safety risks of nano materials. Standards have been established so that nanotechnology can help create specific controls and thus maintain the health and safety of employees and the environment in nanoworking environments.

These standards can be used in all nano work environments and can be used by the managers, specialists and employees of these environments with the aim of creating a healthy work environment, maintaining the health of the training staff, preparing specific work regulations and providing the required safety equipment and facilities. Considering that in recent years, Iran is on the rise in the field of nano research, it seems reasonable to use nano technology as a strong support in the direction of major water programs in the country.

Based on this research, what was presented about the capabilities of nanotechnology means that these researches can be used to preserve the environment in the future, and along with the use of natural resources, with the help of advanced technologies, we can have a sustainable interaction with nature. Although the role of nanotechnology is undeniable in all dimensions, the other aspect of this ability is the possible risks associated with the use of nanotechnology products.

Regulations for the safe and healthy use of nano products should be prepared and compiled so that the control and supervision of all nanotechnology activities can be applied based on it. In fact, governments are obliged to formulate a national strategy and approve the organizational framework for nanotechnology, legal requirements. specify the research and development, therefore it is suggested that one of these legal infrastructures is the nano safety law. In fact, nano safety refers to the policies and methods adopted to ensure the safe use of nano products in terms of the environment and human health. Therefore, the formulation of these policies and laws seems necessary.

This research was presented in the third international conference on research in science and technology.