Therapeutic activities of the main bioactive compounds via modulating sirtuins: A review

Multiple cellular processes such as inflammation and apoptosis have been regulated by sirtuin (SIRT) proteins as highly conserved signaling proteins in eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea. These proteins can be regulated under the effects of bioactive compounds, specifically ones isolated or derived from medical plant species. SIRT proteins can be targeted by various compounds such as apigenin, luteolin, fisetin, myricetin, ferulic acid, berberine, butein, malvidin, catechin, curcuminoids, and quercetin. The anti-inflammatory effect of these metabolites has been found to up-regulation of sirtuin expression. It should be noted that activation and inhibition of SIRT proteins have different therapeutic results. For example, activation of SIRT۱ hinders oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in cells. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic effects of these metabolites on cardioprotective, obesity, osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative, and other inflammatory and metabolic diseases by modulating sirtuins.