Development of the rapid electrical kindling by copper and stainless steel electrodes: A comparative evaluation
سال انتشار: 1402
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 12
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_AJNPP-10-4_005
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 29 اردیبهشت 1403
چکیده مقاله:
Electrical kindling is a popular model for studying epilepsy, which is similar to complex focal seizures in humans. In this method, by implanting metal electrodes in the brain and subthreshold stimulation, the animal acquires chronic convulsions. We aimed to compare the development of rapid electrical kindling, using steel and copper electrodes. Adult male Wistar rats were used. Three polar steel or copper electrodes and two unipolar electrodes were stereotaxically embedded in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala or the skull surface, respectively. One week later, the threshold current intensity was determined. Twenty-four hours afterward, animals received six stimulations per day with the threshold intensity until showing three consecutive stage five seizures. Then, the animals were perfused and their brains were fixed, stained, and examined histologically. The results showed that the animals with the steel electrode had a significantly lower threshold compared to the animals that had a copper electrode. In addition, the number of stimulations for seizure generalization was significantly lower in the steel group. The amount of tissue damage in the experimental groups was not significantly different; however, the number of dead cells in the steel groups was significantly lower than in the copper groups. In conclusion, although the animals were kindled with copper electrodes, they may not be used for laboratory evaluations due to the neurotoxic effects of copper, which led to tissue damage, and delay in seizure parameters, and the results of such studies can be misleading.
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نویسندگان
Hakimeh Rezaei
Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Siamak Beheshti
Department of Medicine, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
Azadeh Yazdi
Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
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